The Gini index of income and wealth distribution

The first two countries in the world with the most equal income and wealth distribution are constitutional monarchies!

The Gini coefficient was developed by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini and published in his 1912 paper „Variability and Mutability“ (Variabilità e mutabilità). It is a measure of statistical dispersion most prominently used as a measure of inequality of income distribution or inequality of wealth distribution. It is defined as a ratio with values between 0 and 1: A low Gini coefficient indicates more equal income or wealth distribution, while a high Gini coefficient indicates more unequal distribution. 0 corresponds to perfect equality (everyone having exactly the same income) and 1 corresponds to perfect inequality (where one person has all the income, while everyone else has zero income). The Gini coefficient requires that no one have a negative net income or wealth. Worldwide, Gini coefficients range from 0.23 in Sweden to 0.707 in Namibia.

The Gini index is the Gini coefficient expressed as a percentage, thus Serbia’s Gini index is 30% (Mathematically, this is equal to the Gini coefficient of 0.3, but the percentage sign is often omitted in the Gini index.)

Rank	Country	Gini index (by CIA)	Year of est.
1.	Sweden	23	2005
2.	Denmark	24	2005
3.	Slovenia	24	2005
4.	Iceland	25	2005
5.	Luxembourg	26	2005
6.	Czech Republic	26	2005
7.	Slovakia	26	2005
8.	Finland	26	2005
9.	Austria	26	2005
10.	B and H	26.2	2001
11.	Albania	26.7	2005
12.	Norway	28	2005
13.	Belgium	28	2005
14.	Hungary	28	2005
15.	Germany	28	2005
16.	France	28	2005
17.	Malta	28	2005
18.	Croatia	29	2001
19.	Cyprus	29	2005
20.	Belarus	29.7	2002
21.	Ethiopia	30	2000
22.	Montenegro	30	2003
23.	Serbia	30	2003
24.	Kyrgyzstan	30.3	2003
25.	Pakistan	30.6	2002
26.	Netherlands	30.9	2005
27.	Ukraine	31	2006
28.	Romania	31	2005
29.	Bulgaria	31.6	2005
30.	Spain	32	2005